The relationship between opioids and the brain is complex and often misunderstood. At NorthStar Clinical Services, we understand that addiction is a health condition, and we are dedicated to providing effective treatment options for those living with opioid addiction. Call 888.488.6153 to enroll in our opioid addiction treatment.
A Look at Opioids
Opioids, also known as narcotics, are a class of drugs that act on the brain to produce pain relief and feelings of pleasure or euphoria. These drugs can be either natural (derived from opium poppy) or synthetic (man-made), and they include prescription medications such as oxycodone, hydrocodone, and morphine, as well as illegal drugs like heroin.
When opioids enter the body, they bind to specific receptors in the brain and spinal cord known as opioid receptors. These receptors are responsible for regulating pain, reward, and addictive behaviors. When activated by opioids, these receptors release neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin, which can produce feelings of pleasure, relaxation, and contentment.
About Opioids and the Brain
Opioids are potent drugs that interact directly with the brain’s chemistry. They bind to opioid receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and other areas of the body. This interaction results in a decrease in the perception of pain, a sense of well-being, and a boost of dopamine, which contributes to their addictive properties:
- Opioids can cause a rush of euphoria – This is often the reason why people continue to use these drugs. The thrill of pleasure or relief from pain can be incredibly enticing, but this sensation is fleeting and leads to wanting more of the drug.
- Opioids slow down brain function – These drugs depress the central nervous system, slowing breathing and potentially leading to hypoxia, a condition where insufficient oxygen reaches the brain.
- Opioids change the brain’s structure and function – Long-term use can lead to changes in neural circuitry, leading to a decrease in the brain’s white matter, affecting decision-making abilities, behavior regulation, and responses to stressful situations.
It must also be noted that opioid withdrawal can also have adverse effects on the brain. Withdrawal symptoms may include anxiety, depression, insomnia, and changes in cognition due to imbalances of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin.
Opioid Abuse and Addiction
Opioid withdrawal is the natural consequence of chronic opioid usage and can be highly uncomfortable. As a result, many people continue to use opioids despite the risks associated with addiction. Individuals who develop opioid dependency may increase their dosage to maintain the same level of relief or pleasure, leading to even more severe health problems over time.
Opioid abuse is a severe problem affecting an individual’s physical and mental health. Unwanted effects of opioid abuse include the following:
- Physical dependence – This is when the body adapts to the presence of the drug and experiences withdrawal symptoms when the drug is not taken.
- Tolerance – Over time, higher drug doses are needed to achieve the same effect, increasing the risk of overdose.
- Increased sensitivity to pain – Chronic opioid use can make individuals more sensitive to pain, a condition known as hyperalgesia.
- Mental health issues – Opioid abuse can exacerbate or cause mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety.
- Overdose – This can occur when too much of the drug is taken, depressing respiratory function to potentially fatal levels.
Opioid abuse turns into addiction when the user cannot stop using the drug despite its adverse impacts on their life. This is because opioids change the brain’s reward system, leading to a powerful urge to use the drug. Over time, the brain becomes accustomed to opioids, leading to withdrawal symptoms when the drug is not taken.
Contact NorthStar to Begin Opioid Addiction Treatment
Navigating addiction and its effects on the brain can be overwhelming, but with proper treatment and support, recovery is possible. At NorthStar Clinical Services, our team of medical professionals specializes in evidence-based opioid addiction treatment, including medication-assisted treatment (MAT) and therapy options.
If you or a loved one is struggling with opioid addiction, please reach out to us at 888.488.6153 to learn more about our treatment options. We believe in a holistic approach to recovery, addressing not just the physical aspects of addiction but also the psychological and emotional factors to help you achieve long-term sobriety and a healthier life. Don’t let opioids control your life. Reach out for help today.
